Writing and drawing implement



April 29, 1952 l.. A. PAUL I WRITING AND DRAWING IMPLEMENI Filed Dec. 9, 1947 NNN Patented Apr. Z9, 1952 WRITING AND DRAWING IMPLEMENT Lewis A. Paul, Wichita, Kans., assigner to Beech Aircraft Corporation, Wichita, Kans., a corporation of Delaware Application December 9, 1947, Serial No. 790,457

(Cl. 1Z0-48) 3 Claims.

. 1 The invention here disclosed relates to writing and drawing implements of the reservoir or fountain pen type.

More particularly, the invention relates to pens l of the character disclosed in copending patent applications Serial No. 740,055, filed April 8, 1947, now Patent 2,495,179 and Serial No. 786,179, led November 15, 1947, in which the feed of ink to the writing or drawing point is governed by cap illary ow.

constancy and continuity of line is attained in these pens Vthrough the use of a special quick drying lacquer.

The use of this lacquer involves certain control factors and it is the general purpose of the present invention to provide satisfactory mechanism for accomplishing such control.

More specicially, it is a purpose `of the invention to provide simple and effective Vmeans for regulating and controlling the ink flow in a pen of the capillary type indicated. v

Other important objects of the invention are to provide the means referred to in simple, inexpensive and thoroughly reliable form.

Other desirable objects attained by the invention are indicated or will appear in the course of the following specication in which the novel features of the invention are described and claimed.

The drawing accompanying and forming part of the specication illustrates vone present practical embodiment of the invention. Structure, howeven'may be modied and changedas'regards the immediate illustration, all within the true intent yand broad scopeof the invention as hereinafter de'ned and claimed.

Fig. `1in the drawing is aside elevation of a drawing, writing and ruling pen having features of the invention incorporated therein, with parts broken away and appearing in section;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of the pen:

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the inner barrel, cylinder or body member;

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the adjustable piston member;

Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are enlarged cross sectional views as on those numbered lines in Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a'furtber enlarged broken sectional detail of the capillary writing, ruling or drawing point.

The structure shown is of the same general design as that disclosed in the earlier led patent application Serial No. 746,055 now Patent 2,495,179, to the extent of comprising an inner cylinder member I il, a surrounding sleeve II, e, I

2. piston I2 adjustable in the cylinder through the medium of a cap I3 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the barrel structure and a capillary writing point I4 carried'bya ferrule i5 screwed over the feed tube extension Iii at the lower end of the inner or cylinder portion lil of the barrel.

Also, as in the former patent application, longitudinal motion is imparted to the piston by having the stem of the piston screw threaded' at to match internal screw threads' I3 in the end cap I3, and by slotting the piston stem at I9 to receive the cross pin or key 20 carried by collar 2| screwed fast on the end of the barrel and carrying the balls 22 rotatably confining the cap I3 in the end of the collar.

The feed tube I6 on the end of the barrel Vhas a now passage 23 of cross sectional dimension to freely pass the ink to the capillary point and, when the capillary point is removed, to permit quick emptying or lling of the inl: barrel Vby simply operating the vpiston to expel or draw in the ink, asidesired. Y

Under some drawing conditions', and particularly with the use of the special quick drying lacquer describedy it has been -found that more positive and accurate control of ink flow can be eiected by venting the ink column in the inner barrel to admit atmospheric pressure to the top of the writing fluid.

The structure for such purpose involves, in the illustration, the provision of a small vent hole or holes 29 in the lower end portion of the inner barrel, opening to an annular space 25 between the inner and outer barrel members I9, II, 'and the connecting of this annular space through ink ow restricting, small air passages 25 with an annular air relief 21 at the upper end vof the barrel which can be opened to atmosphere through a port 2B under control of a ball valve 29.

The latter is shown partially contained and held in a seat 30 formed in the encircling split ring or band 3| which is conined for limited r0- tational movement on the outer barrel or sleeve |I by reason of the ball engaging in tapering grooves 32 of limited circumferential extent. The spring of the encircling band 3| is sufcient to hold the ball 29 closed to its seat 2S in the intermediate position illustrated and to frictionally retain .the ball in position at either side of the valve seat center, that is, in 'fully closed or partially or fully opened positions.

The ink flow restricting but air venting passages 26 are shown provided by small longitudinal grooves in the elongated, full diameter por- Ition 33 of the inner barrel which closely iits the inside of the outer barrel I I, and the annular air relief is shown provided simply as an annular groove 21 at the upper end of the full diameter portion of this member.

Full diameter lands 34 and 35 at the lower and upper ends of the inner barrel enable firm, close fitting engagement of the outer barrel or sleeve member Il. The valve ring 3| may be turned to open or close the air vent 28 at any time regardless of and independently of the action of the piston l2, thus to vary flow conditions and obtain desired effects at the writing or drawing point.

The main body of ink within the barrel is open to the surrounding annular chamber 25 but flow of such ink to the vent controlling valve 29 is prevented by the flow restricting channels 26, while limited passage of air is permitted. Hence the air vent may be controlled one way or the other without escape of the writing fluid.

Air pressure on the ink column may thus be adjusted as required to effect .different desired results and to maintain continuous lines of substantially uniform density and width.

The instrument thus is particularly well adapted for rapid, accurate, durable precision drawing work, and it may be used for writing as well as for ruling or drawing purposes.

The parts are few in number, of simple, substantial design and not such as might readily get out of order. Also, the structure is easily assembled and can be produced at reasonably low cost. Different writing points may be quickly interchanged and the construction disclosed provides for exercise of proper control to suitV conditions introduced through use of different writing or drawing points.

With adjustment of the piston, any desired positive pressure may be applied to the ink column and this may be modified or reduced as desired, by adjustment of the air vent valve to effect smooth, continuous fiow at the writing or drawing point. The small vent slots in the sides of the inner barrel may be of capillary size.

What is claimed is:

1. An instrument of the character disclosed comprising an inner ink barrel, a capillary flow feed point at the lower end of the same, an outer barrel surrounding said inner ink barrel and providing therewith an annular chamber, said inner barrel having a vent passage in the side and near the lower end of the same but above said capillary flow feed point opening to said annular chamber, an ink flow restricting air passage between said inner and outer barrels extending from said annular chamber, a valve port in the outer barrel near the upper end of the same in 4 communication with said restricted air passage and a valve cooperable with said port.

2. An instrument of the character disclosed comprising an inner ink barrel, a capillary flow feed point at the lower end of the same. an outer barrel surrounding said inner ink barrel and providing therewith an annular chamber, said inner barrel having a vent passage in the side and near the lower end of the same but above said capillary ow feed point opening to said annular chamber, an ink iiow restricting air passage between said inner and outer barrels extending from said annular chamber. a valve port in the outer barrel near the upper end of the same in communication with said restricted air passage and a valve cooperable with said port and including a ball and a spring band encircling said outer barrel and having a seat confining said ball to rotatable movement with said band.

3. An instrument of the character disclosed comprising an inner ink barrel, a capillary flow feed point at the lower end of the same, an outer barrel surrounding said inner ink barrel and providing therewith an annular chamber, said inner barrel having a vent passage in the side and near the lower end of the same but above said capillary flow feed point opening to said annular chamber, an ink flow restricting air passage between said inner and outer barrels extending from said annular chamber, a valve port in the outer barrel near the upper end of the same in communication with said restricted air passage and a valve cooperable with said port and including a ball and a spring band encircling said outer barrel and having a seat coniining said ball to rotatable movement with said band, said outer barrel having tapering grooves of limited circumferential range extending from said valve port to receive said ball and thereby limit the rotatable movement of said spring band.

LEWIS A. PAUL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 186,723 Goehring Jan. 30, 1877 236,158 Holland Jan. 4, 1881 239,119 Sutherland et al. Mar. 22, 1881 445,944 Birkmire Feb. 3, 1891 748,383 Langill Dec. 29. 1903 962,982 Saha June 28, 1910 1,524,068 Wallace Jan. 27, 1925 2,128,052 MacNally Aug. 23, 1938 .2,495,179 Paul Jan. 17, 1950 

